• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine, characterized in that the aluminum alloy contains nano-ZrB2 ceramic particles and the following elements: 8.0% by weight ≤ Si ≤ 11.0% by weight, 2.0% by weight ≤ Cu ≤ 3.5% by weight , 3.0% by weight ≤ Zr ≤ 5.0% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ B ≤ 1.0% by weight, 1.5% by weight ≤ Zn ≤ 2.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Mg ≤1.0% by weight, 1.0 % By weight ≤ Fe ≤ 1.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Mn ≤ 1.0% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Ni ≤ 1.0% by weight, 0.1% by weight ≤ Er ≤ 0.15% by weight, residual amount Al. The invention also relates to a die-casting method for producing a die-cast part from an aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine.
    公开号:CH714442B1
    申请号:CH00580/19
    申请日:2018-03-23
    公开日:2020-04-30
    发明作者:Zhao Yutao；Kai Xizhou；Chen Gang；Chen Fei；Yin Laida；Yin Min
    申请人:Univ Jiangsu；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL AREA
    The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine and a die casting method for producing a die cast part from an aluminum alloy.
    STATE OF THE ART
    With the development of light vehicles, the conventional vibration damping components of the automobile engine (such as vibration damping mounts and vibration damping housings) made of high-strength steel are gradually being replaced by aluminum alloy components, among which AlSi9Cu3 aluminum alloy die casting parts are widely used as safety parts of the drive system and vibration damping housing with complex structure damping housings such as vibration damping housings Oil pump housings and the like used by automobile engines. On the one hand, the AlSi9Cu3 alloy itself has low high plasticity and fatigue resistance (tensile strength 260 MPa; yield strength 140 MPa, elongation 1%; load ± 7.6 kN, fatigue time of the test bench 500,000 times); on the other hand, the parts manufactured according to the conventional die casting process have more pores (internal cavities in the anatomical plane: number ≤ 1 / cm <2>, pore diameter ≤ 0.5 mm) and cannot be effectively heat-treated and tempered (solution + aging or aging at high temperature ), which leads to the fact that the precipitation phase of the cast part usually has a coarse needle-like or foil-like structure, which becomes a technical bottleneck for improving the performance of the aluminum die-cast part. As a result, AlSi9Cu3 die-cast parts have problems such as deformation, breakage and sealing defects during the hard operating period, which impair the operation of the engine and cause considerable safety risks.
    The use of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials with low weight and low production costs has developed into a new trend in automotive parts, but the additional addition of particle reinforcement bodies has a weak bond at the interface between the particles and the matrix and a low toughness ; In recent years, the in situ particle reinforced aluminum alloy has become a focal point, especially the in situ nanoparticle reinforcement aluminum alloy has good toughness and strong fatigue strength and is an ideal lightweight material, and the uniformity of the distribution of the nanoparticles in the Matrix is the key to their performance. Because of this, the present invention provides an in-situ nanoparticle reinforcement of the AlSi9Cu3 aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of the automobile engine and develops a progressive die-casting technique with high density, by means of rapid solidification crystallization of a die-cast part, a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a matrix is made possible and fully performs the reinforcing function of the nano-reinforcing body; with the progressive high-density die-casting technique, the problem that the conventional abrupt die-casting rate causes a large number of pores in the casting and the heat treatment cannot be effectively performed is avoided, and the mechanical properties of the die-cast parts are significantly improved.
    Compared to the documents of the prior art, the Chinese invention patent with the application number CN201611179327.5 and the name “rolling technology of a microalloyed aluminum-based composite material” discloses an in-situ particle-reinforced AlSi9Cu3 alloy and a residual heat direct rolling technology for this, while the present invention discloses an in situ nanoparticle reinforced AlSi9Cu3 alloy with high performance and its progressive die casting technique with high density. The Chinese invention patent with the application number CN200610118386.1 and the designation "Continuous casting process for the automotive engine mount made of aluminum alloy" discloses an engine mount which is manufactured using the technology of continuous casting, but the alloy used is not a die-cast aluminum alloy made of AlSi9Cu3. The Chinese patent of the invention with the application number CN201611213315.X and the designation "Manufacturing technique of a vibration damper seat" discloses a method in which the fatigue resistance is achieved through strict control of the pressure and the time of the pressure holding during the die casting process and removal of a section of the rotary rivet surface that is not sufficiently tight of the support seat is improved, while in the present patent, the high plasticity and fatigue resistance of the vibration damping components are improved by in-situ nano-reinforcement and high-density die-casting technology. The French patent with the application number FR2969176A1 and the name "Procédé de fabrication d'une piece en alliages d'aluminium moulé avec trempe après démoulage" discloses a technique for producing AlSi9Cu3 automotive components using a conventional casting process, while the present invention solves the problem that the AlSi9Cu3 vibration damping components manufactured with a highly efficient casting process have a poor and fatigue resistance high plasticity. The German patent for the invention with the application number DE102008039976A1 and the designation “heat-treating hot isostatic pressing of light metal casting components” discloses a method for improving the performance of light alloy parts such as AlSi9Cu3 etc. by hot isostatic pressing, while in the technique of the present patent a progressive die-casting AlSi9 engine component by means of progressive die casting is obtained with high density.
    CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
    The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of the existing AlSi9Cu3 die-cast aluminum alloy for the vibration damping components of an automobile engine, that it has poor high plasticity and fatigue resistance and, in particular, does not meet the high technical requirements of the high performance engine components in terms of strength, fatigue resistance and impact resistance can achieve a reinforcement of the in-situ nano-ceramic reinforcement body for the interior and the boundary of the grains by regulating the alloy composition and in-situ nano-reinforcement and in combination with non-linear high-pressure die casting, while the content, rounding and refining the precipitation phase of the alloy can be increased to significantly improve the high plasticity, fatigue resistance and damping performance of the die cast products.
    In the vibration damping bracket and housing for an automobile engine made with the technique of the present invention, the tensile strength can reach 352 MPa, the yield strength 285 MPa and the elongation 10.6%. The end product is checked for durability by a special bank. The minimum number of cycles is 1 million times, which is well above the customer's 500,000 requirements, the German Volkswagen standard (vibration damping bracket) DIN EN1706-1998 and the Japanese Mazda standard MES MM 621 -ADC12 (vibration damping housing) achieved and at the same time the performance (tensile strength of 300 MPa, yield strength 210 MPa and elongation of 7.5%) that exceeds the vibration damping bracket produced with the low pressure casting process (low pressure casting + solution + aging heat treatment) with low efficiency and high costs.
    In a high-strength anti-fatigue in-situ nano-reinforcement aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine and a high-density die-casting method for the same according to the present invention is achieved by regulating the alloy composition and in-situ nano-reinforcement and in combination obtain a die-cast part with an optimized non-linear high pressure die casting process, in which the interior and the boundary of the grains contain a large amount of evenly scattered nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement bodies and the interior of the grains contains a nano-Al3Er precipitation phase and the precipitation phases of the alloy including eutectic Si phase, Mg2Si phase, Al2Cu phase and Fe phase are fine and rounded. The dispersion strengthening of nano-reinforcement bodies and nano-precipitation phase, the interfacial damping effect and the grain refining function of the Al3Er phase generated by the Er element with low solubility in the alloy melt significantly improve the high plasticity, the resistance to aging and the damping performance of the alloy components; by increasing the content of Mg, Zn and Fe elements and introducing the Mn and Ni elements, the alloy reinforcement phases such as Al-Fe phase etc. are effectively refined and rounded compared to the conventional AlSi9Cu3 alloy, while a good die casting performance is ensured and the content of the reinforcement phase of the alloy is increased, so that the components produced with the alloys of the present invention represent the properties with high high plasticity, high fatigue resistance and good damping performance.
    The manufacturing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:<tb> (1) <SEP> alloy melting: The AlSi9Cu3 alloy is melted to 750 to 780 ° C and kept warm for 10 min. The AlSi9Cu3 alloy is a commercially available alloy, and its elements of the specific chemical composition have the following percentages by mass: Si 8.0-11.0, Cu 2.0-3.5, Zn 1.0-1.5, Mg 0.3-0.5, Fe <0.8, Mn 0.1- 0.5, while the remaining amount is Al.<tb> (2) <SEP> In situ Synthesis of Nano-ZrB2 Ceramic Reinforcing Bodies: the Al-Zr and Al-B intermediate alloys are added to the melt which is melted and kept warm in step (1), and their temperature quickly rises to 840-860 ° C, at the same time the melt is stirred by means of a graphite stirrer rotor in order to promote a complete mixing of the alloys, the heat retention taking 10-15 minutes, so that the Zr and B React elements in the alloys under the influence of a driving force with reduced free energy and synthesize the nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement bodies, then the temperature is lowered to 730-750 ° C. and kept warm. As a result, the mass fractions in percent of zirconium and boron in the alloys of step (2) reach Zr: 3.0-5.0, B: 0.5-1.0.<tb> (3) <SEP> Introducing the Er and Ni elements, adjusting the content of Fe and Mn elements in the alloy and refining and degassing: adding the Al-Er, Al-Fe and Al- Mn intermediate alloys and the pure Ni element to the composite melt obtained in step (2), at the same time a complete mixing of the alloys is promoted by stirring by means of a graphite stirrer rotor, the heat retention and stirring taking 10-15 minutes; then powdered composite refining agents having a particle size of less than 500 microns are blown through the hollow channel of the graphite rotor with inert gas into the melt to refine and degas the melt to produce the slags and the in the alloys produced by the high temperature melting and reaction of the alloys to remove dissolved hydrogen from the melt, the refining temperature being 730-750 ° C. and the refining and heat retention time being 25-30 min. Finally, the content of erbium-nickel-iron elements in the alloy from step (3) is as follows: Er: 0.1-0.15, Fe: 1.0-1.5, Mn: 0.5-1.0, Ni 0.5-1.0.<tb> (4) <SEP> Setting the content of Mg and Zn elements: The melt obtained in step (3) is cooled to 660 to 700 ° C and kept warm, then pure Mg and pure Zn are used using a Bell pressed into the melt after refining and degassing, starting the graphite stirrer rotor and stirring at low speed, keeping the heat and stirring for> 15 min, so that Mg, Zn dissolve in the alloy and inhalation of the melt is avoided and the content of Magnesium and zinc in the alloy reached from step (4) Mg: 0.5-1.0 and Zn: 1.5-2.5.<tb> (5) <SEP> Nonlinear high pressure die casting: The composite melt obtained in step (4) is placed in the heat protection packaging of the die casting machine, and a die cast part reinforced with nanocomposites is obtained by die casting using an optimized nonlinear die casting process, whereby in the Injection speed is a small to large parabolic injection, a non-linear filling with a slow filling of 2.5-3 m / s in the early stage and a current high-speed filling at the end (maximum injection speed of 40-50 m / s and die casting pressure from 100-150 MPa).<tb> (6) <SEP> Aging Treatment: For the die-cast part obtained in step (5), an aging treatment (natural aging or artificial aging) is carried out to give an in-situ nano-reinforcement aluminum alloy die-casting with high fatigue resistance and good damping performance receive.
    [0009] The Al-Zr, Al-B, Al-Er, Al-Fe and Al-Mn intermediate alloys are preferably intermediate alloys with a high content of alloying elements, such as Al-10Zr, Al-10B, Al- 20Er, Al-20Fe and Al-10Mn.
    The in-situ synthesis of nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement bodies relates to the fact that with the thermodynamic-kinetic properties that in the multi-base alloy system ZrB2 has a low free Gibbs energy and Zr has a low solubility and a low thermal diffusion coefficient in Al has, after the introduction of Zr and B element in the alloy, nanoscale ZrB2 ceramic particles are synthesized in situ in the melt, the ZrB2 ceramic particles having a size of 20-80 nm and a content of 2-6% by weight. % of the mass of the alloy, and wherein the synthesis temperature is 840-860 ° C. Therefore, in the solidification process of the alloy melt, the in-situ nano-ZrB2 ceramic particles can serve as a heterogeneous nucleation core to improve the nucleation rate of the alloy and refine the grains, and finally the particles are contained and dispersed within the alloy grains to improve strength and significantly improve the fatigue resistance of the alloy; on the other hand, the nano-ZrB2 ceramic particles which have not become the nucleation core are dispersed in the grain boundary during grain growth, which can effectively fix the grain boundary and prevent the grain boundary migration, thereby maximizing the interface damping function unfolds and improves the damping performance of the alloy while improving the strength of the alloy.
    The introduction of the Er and Ni elements and adjustment of the content of Fe and Mn elements in the alloy and refining and degassing relate to the fact that it is introduced from 0.1-0.15% by weight into the alloy, on the one hand, due to the low solubility of Er in the aluminum melt (0.1% by weight), the heterogeneous nucleation core of Al3Er is precipitated from the alloy melt in order to increase the nucleation rate of aluminum and to refine the alloy grains; on the other hand, the Er elements are dissolved in the alloy, so during the alloy aging process, a fine L12 nano-Al3Er precipitation phase, which is well coordinated with the aluminum matrix lattice, is precipitated inside the grains in order to significantly improve the aging resistance and fatigue resistance of the alloy die-cast part ; increasing the content of Fe elements in the alloy aims to increase the content of Fe precipitation phase in the alloy, thereby improving the strength of the alloy, while further improving the non-stick effect of the alloy by increasing the Avoiding content at the precipitation phase of the alloy and reducing the expansion coefficient caused problem with difficult demolding and adhesion to the mold; the introduction of the Ni element and the increase in the content of the Mn element aim to convert it into an α-Al (Mn, Fe) Si by converting Ni, Mn and the needle-like β-Fe phase in the alloy and to prevent an α-Al (Ni, Fe) Si phase in a block form or a form of a Chinese character that an increase in the Fe content produces a large amount of needle-like β-Fc phase and thus the plastic toughness of the alloy is reduced.
    The adjustment of the content of Mg and Zn elements refers to further increasing the content of the precipitation phase in the alloy in order to improve the strength and the fatigue resistance of the alloy, while the damping performance of the alloy due to the increased phase boundary is improved.
    The non-linear high-pressure die-casting process relates to using a novel die-casting machine with programmable controlled die-casting cylinder speed in combination with an optimized non-linear high-pressure die-casting process in order to avoid turbulence and air entrainment in the filling process of the melt, to promote the degassing of the mold cavity and at the current high speed and high pressure to fill the mold cavity to promote the soaking and dispersing of nano-reinforcement bodies, so that a die-cast product with few tissue defects and excellent performance is obtained. The injection speed is a small to large parabolic injection, a non-linear filling with a slow filling of 2.5-3 m / s in the early stage and a current high-speed filling at the end (maximum injection speed of 40-50 m / s and die casting pressure of 100-150 MPa).
    In the high-temperature aging heat treatment, with the advantage of a low porosity content of the progressive die casting, the aging heat treatment temperature of the workpiece can be increased to promote the effective precipitation of the reinforcement phase and the rounding of the silicon phase, and the aging heat treatment temperature has a range of 200 ° C-350 ° C.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
    [0015]<tb> <SEP> Figure 1 (a) shows a metallographic structural diagram of a conventional AlSi9Cu3 die-cast part, Figure 1 (b) shows a metallographic structural diagram of an in-situ nano-reinforcement aluminum alloy vibration damping bracket die-cast part made with the present invention with good strength , Fatigue resistance and good damping performance, it can be found from the two metallographic structural diagrams that in the die-cast part produced with the technique of the present patent, the needle-shaped precipitation phase disappears and is converted into granular or disc-shaped rounded precipitation phase, which improves the degree of dispersion of the precipitation phase and the high plasticity and promotes the fatigue performance of the workpiece.<tb> <SEP> Figure 2 shows a TEM structural diagram of an in-situ nano-reinforcement aluminum alloy vibration damping mount die-cast part made with the present invention. From the structural diagrams, it can be found that the die-cast part made with the technique of the present patent there is an in-situ nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement phase and a finer Al3Er uniformity nano-precipitation phase inside and at the grain boundary, which is conducive to a comprehensive improvement in the high plasticity, fatigue resistance and damping performance of the workpiece.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    In connection with figures, the embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail below: the following exemplary embodiments are implemented on the assumption of the technical solution of the present invention, detailed exemplary embodiments and specific operating sequences are disclosed, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following exemplary embodiments.
    Embodiment 1
    [0017] Using Al-10Zr, Al-10B, Al-20Er, Al-20Fe, Al-10Mn intermediate alloys and pure Ni, pure Mg, pure Zn and AlSi9Cu3 as raw materials, the optimized non-linear high-pressure die casting technology is used to manufacture a Vibration damping bracket used for an automobile engine.
    The molten 500 kg commercially available AlSi9Cu3 alloy (760 ° C) is transferred to the intermediate holding furnace, then the Al-10Zr and Al-10B intermediate alloys are added to the holding furnace and heated to 850 ° C, while the graphite Stirrer rotor is used to stir the alloy to promote a complete mixing of the alloy, the heat retention time is 15 min, then the alloy is cooled to 750 ° C and kept warm; Addition of Al-20Er, Al-20Fe and Al-10Mn and pure Ni to the melt, after stirring and heating for 15 min, powdered composite refining agents with a particle size of less than 500 microns through the hollow channel of the graphite rotor with inert gas into the Melt blown to refine and degas the melt to remove the slags generated during the high temperature melting and reaction of the alloys and the hydrogen dissolved in the melt, the refining time being 30 minutes and the temperature being maintained at 750 ° C Refining and degassing, the melt is cooled to 680 ° C, then pure Mg and pure Zn are pressed into the melt after refining and degassing using a bell, starting the graphite stirrer rotor and stirring at low speed, keeping the heat and stirring last 18 min , so that the final composition of the alloy Si 9.5, Cu 3, Zr 3.5, B 0.75, Zn 1.5, Mg 0.8, Fe 1.3, Mn 1.0, Ni 0.7, Er 0.12, while the remaining amount is Al, in the end a vibration damping bracket is produced from the composite melt obtained using an optimized non-linear high-pressure die casting process, with a slow filling of 3 m taking place in the early stage / s, in order to realize an advection filling and to promote a smooth degassing of the mold cavity, at the moment of filling the mold cavity (casting head not fully filled) the injection speed is increased to 40 m / s and the pressure is kept at 100 MPa, the pressure maintenance time is 15 s to get a die cast anti-vibration mount.
    The die-cast blank after cutting off the casting head and the burrs is placed for artificial aging in a heat treatment furnace, the aging temperature is 300 ° C and the aging time is 8 hours.
    The sample analysis shows that the hardness of the vibration damping bracket is greater than 97 HBS, the tensile strength reaches 352 MPa, the yield strength reaches 285 MPa, the elongation is 10.6% and the lifespan of the tensile strength tests with a load of 7.6 kN is more than 2 × Is 10 <6> times. The end product is checked for durability by a special bank. The minimum number of cycles is 1 million times, which is well above the customer's requirement of 500,000 times. The product meets the German Volkswagen standard (vibration damping bracket) DIN EN1706-1998 and the Japanese Mazda standard MES MM 621-ADC12 (vibration damping housing). FIG. 1 (b) shows a metallographic structural diagram of a vibration damping holder produced using the method of the present invention, from the diagrams it can be found that, in comparison with conventional die-cast parts AlSi9Cu3, the needle-shaped precipitation phase in the die-cast part produced with the present patent disappears and becomes granular or short disk-shaped rounded precipitation phase is converted, which improves the degree of dispersion of the precipitation phase and promotes the high plasticity and fatigue performance of the workpiece. FIG. 2 shows a TEM structural diagram of a vibration damping mounting die-cast part produced by the method of the present exemplary embodiment, from the diagrams it can be found that the die-cast part produced by the present patent has a large amount of in-situ nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement phase and there is a finer uniformity nano-Al3Er precipitation phase inside and at the grain boundary, which is conducive to a comprehensive improvement in the high plasticity, fatigue resistance and damping performance of the workpiece.
    Embodiment 2
    [0021] Using Al-10Zr, Al-5B, Al-10Er, Al-10Fe, Al-10Mn intermediate alloys and pure Ni, pure Mg, pure Zn and AlSi9Cu3 as raw materials, the optimized non-linear high-pressure die-casting technique for producing a Vibration damping housing used for an automobile engine. (With complex structure of the case, there is a great difficulty in filling and degassing, usually the content of Mg is reduced and the pressure of the die casting is increased in order to increase the performance and the yield of the die casting).
    The molten 500 kg commercial AlSi9Cu3 alloy (750 ° C) is transferred to the intermediate holding furnace, then the Al-10Zr and Al-5B intermediate alloys are added to the holding furnace and heated to 840 ° C while the graphite Stirrer rotor is used to stir the alloy to promote a complete mixing of the alloy, the heat retention time is 10 minutes, then the alloy is cooled to 740 ° C and kept warm; Addition of Al-10Er, Al-10Fe and Al-10Mn and pure Ni to the melt, after stirring and heating for 10 min, powdered composite refining agents with a particle size of less than 500 microns through the hollow channel of the graphite rotor with inert gas into the Melt blown to refine and degas the melt to remove the slags generated during the high temperature melting and reaction of the alloys and the hydrogen dissolved in the melt, the refining time being 25 minutes and the temperature being maintained at 740 ° C Refining and degassing, the melt is cooled to 660 ° C, then pure Mg and pure Zn are pressed into the melt after refining and degassing using a bell, starting the graphite stirrer rotor and stirring at low speed, keeping the heat and stirring last 20 min , so that the final composition of the alloy Si 11, Cu 3.5, Zr 5.0, B 1.0, Zn 2.0, Mg 0.5, Fe 1.5, Mn 1.0, Ni 0.5, Er 0.15, while the remaining amount is Al, in the end a vibration damping housing is produced from the composite melt obtained using an optimized non-linear high pressure die casting process, with a slow filling of 5 m taking place in the early stage / s in order to realize an advection filling and to promote a smooth degassing of the mold cavity, at the moment of filling the mold cavity (casting head not full) the injection speed is increased to 50 m / s and the pressure is kept at 150 MPa, the pressure maintenance time is 15 s to obtain a die cast anti-vibration mount.
    The die-cast blank after cutting off the casting head and the burrs are placed in a heat treatment furnace for artificial aging, the aging temperature is 250 ° C. and the aging time is 10 hours.
    The sample analysis shows that the hardness of the vibration damping bracket is greater than 92 HBS, the tensile strength reaches 315 MPa, the yield strength reaches 243 MPa, the elongation is 8.9% and the service life of the tensile tests at a load of 7.6 kN is more than 1.5 × 10 <6> times. The end product is checked for durability by a special bank. The minimum number of cycles is 1 million times, which is well above the customer's requirement of 500,000 times.
    Embodiment 3
    Using Al-10Zr, Al-5B, Al-20Er, Al-20Fe, Al-5Mn intermediate alloys and pure Ni, pure Mg, pure Zn and AlSi9Cu3 as raw materials, the optimized non-linear high-pressure die casting technology for producing a Oil pump housing used for an automobile engine.
    The molten 500 kg of commercially available AlSi9Cu3 alloy (780 ° C) is transferred to the intermediate holding furnace, then the Al-10Zr and Al-SB intermediate alloys are added to the holding furnace and heated to 860 ° C, while the graphite Stirrer rotor is used to stir the alloy to promote a complete mixing of the alloy, the heat retention time is 15 min, then the alloy is cooled to 750 ° C and kept warm; Addition of Al-20Er, Al-20Fe and Al-50Mn and pure Ni to the melt, after stirring and heating for 10 min, ultrafine powder refining agents are blown through the hollow channel of the graphite rotor with inert gas into the melt to close the melt refining and degassing in order to remove the slags generated during the high-temperature melting and reaction of the alloys and the hydrogen dissolved in the melt, the refining time being 30 min and the temperature being kept at 750 ° C., after refining and degassing, the melt is opened Cooled to 680 ° C, then pure Mg and pure Zn are pressed into the melt after refining and degassing using a bell, starting the graphite stirrer rotor and stirring at low speed, keeping the heat and stirring for 20 min, so that the final composition of the alloy Si 11, Cu 2.5, Zr 5.0, B 1.0, Zn 2.5, Mg 1.0, Fe 1.5, Mn 1.0, Ni 1.0, Er 0.1 reached, while the remaining amount is Al, in the end an oil pump housing is produced from the composite melt obtained using an optimized non-linear high-pressure die-casting process, with a slow filling of 4 m / s in the early stage in order to achieve an advection filling and a smooth degassing of the mold cavity at the moment of filling the mold cavity (casting head not full), the injection speed is increased to 50 m / s and the pressure is kept at 130 MPa, the pressure maintenance time is 15 s in order to obtain a die-cast oil pump housing.
    The die-cast blank after cutting off the casting head and the burrs are placed for artificial aging in a heat treatment furnace, the aging temperature is 220 ° C and the aging time is 15 hours.
    The sample analysis shows that the hardness of the vibration damping bracket is greater than 93 HBS, the tensile strength reaches 330 MPa, the yield strength reaches 250 MPa, the elongation is 7.8% and the lifespan of the tensile tests at a load of 7.6 kN is more than 1.2 × Is 10 <6> times. The end product is checked for durability by a special bank. The minimum number of cycles is 1 million times, which is well above the customer's requirement of 500,000 times.
    Comparative embodiment
    Comparative embodiment 1
    [0029] Using AlSi9Cu3 alloy, the optimized non-linear high pressure die casting technique is used to manufacture a vibration damping bracket for an automobile engine.
    By means of the optimized non-linear high-pressure die casting technology, the molten 500 kg of commercially available AlSi9Cu3 alloy (700 ° C.) is used to produce a vibration damping bracket for an automobile engine, and an artificial aging is carried out for the die casting blank after the die head and the burrs have been cut off. the aging temperature is 300 ° C and the aging time is 8 hours.
    The sample analysis shows that the hardness of the vibration damping bracket is greater than 82 HBS, the tensile strength reaches 285 MPa, the yield strength reaches 193 MPa, the elongation is 6.4% and the service life of the tensile strength tests at a load of 7.6 kN is more than 1 × Is 10 <6> times.
    Comparative embodiment 2
    [0032] Using Al-10Zr, Al-10B, Al-20Er, Al-20Fe, Al-10Mn intermediate alloys and pure Ni, pure Mg, pure Zn and AlSi9Cu3 as raw materials becomes a vibration damping bracket for an automobile engine using a conventional die casting technique produced.
    The in-situ synthesis of nano-ZrB2 reinforcing bodies and the regulation of the alloy composition are the same as in the first embodiment, thereby an alloy melt with a temperature of 680 ° C and a composition of Si 9.5, Cu 3, Zr 3.5, B 0.75, Zn 1.5, Mg 0.8, Fe 1.3, Mn 1.0, Ni 0.7, Er 0.12 and residual amount of Al are obtained, using a conventional die-casting process, a die-cast vibration damping bracket is obtained.
    With an aging process the same as in embodiment 1, an aging treatment for the die-cast part is carried out.
    The sample analysis shows that the hardness of the vibration damping bracket is greater than 93 HBS, the tensile strength reaches 335 MPa, the yield strength reaches 263 MPa, the elongation is 9.2% and the service life of the tensile strength tests at a load of 7.6 kN is more than 1.8 × Is 10 <6> times.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine, characterized in that the aluminum alloy contains nano-ZrB2 ceramic particles and the following elements: 8.0% by weight ≤ Si ≤ 11.0% by weight, 2.0% by weight ≤ Cu ≤ 3.5% by weight, 3.0 % By weight ≤ Zr ≤ 5.0% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ B ≤ 1.0% by weight, 1.5% by weight ≤ Zn ≤ 2.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Mg ≤1.0% by weight, 1.0% by weight % ≤ Fe ≤ 1.5% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Mn≤ 1.0% by weight, 0.5% by weight ≤ Ni ≤ 1.0% by weight, 0.1% by weight ≤ Er ≤ 0.15% by weight, residual amount Al.
    [2]
    2. Die-casting method for producing a die-cast part from an aluminum alloy for a vibration damping component of an automobile engine, comprising the following steps:(1) a step of alloy melting, an AlSi9Cu3 alloy consisting of 8.0 wt.% ≤ Si ≤ -11.0 wt.%, 2.0 wt.% ≤ Cu ≤ 3.5 wt.%, 1.0 wt.% ≤ Zn ≤ 1.5 wt .%, 0.3% by weight ≤ Mg ≤0.5% by weight, Fe ≤ 0.8% by weight, 0.1% by weight ≤Mn ≤ 0.5% by weight, residual amount Al, and which is melted to 750-780 ° C and kept warm ;(2) a step in which nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcing bodies in the molten AlSi9Cu3 alloy from step (1) are synthesized in situ by Al-Zr and Al-B intermediate alloys to the molten AlSi9Cu3 alloy from step (1 ) are added, so that the content of Zr and B in the resulting composite melt is 3.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight and 0.5% by weight to 1.0% by weight, which are stirred for 10 to 15 times by means of a graphite stirrer rotor Minutes at a temperature of 840-860 ° C, and then the temperature of this resulting composite melt is cooled to 730-750 ° C;(3) a step in which Al-Er, Al-Fe and Al-Mn intermediate alloys, and Ni element are added to the composite melt resulting from step (2), so that the Er content is 0.1% by weight to 0.15% by weight, the Fe content 1.0% by weight to 1.5% by weight, the Mn content 0.5% by weight to 1.0% by weight and the Ni content 0.5% by weight to 1.0% by weight in the step (3) resulting composite melt, wherein after being held under agitation by means of a graphite stirrer rotor and while keeping heat for 10 to 15 minutes, the composite melt resulting from step (3) is subjected to refining and degassing processes in which powdered composite refining agents with a particle size < 500 µm, inert gas, refining temperature of 730-750 ° C and refining and heat retention time 25-30 minutes can be used;(4) a step wherein Mg and Zn elements are pressed using a bell in the composite melt resulting from step (3) and cooled to 660-700 ° C., so that the Mg content is 0.5% by weight to 1.0% by weight and the Zn content consists of 1.5% by weight to 2.5% by weight in the composite melt resulting from step (4), which is then held with stirring by means of a graphite stirrer rotor and with heating for> 15 minutes;(5) a step in which the composite melt resulting from step (4) is subjected to a non-linear die casting process in which the injection rate corresponds to an increasing parabolic injection of this composite melt resulting from step (4) in the mold cavity of the die casting machine;(6) a step, wherein the die casting resulting from step (5) is subjected to an aging treatment.
    [3]
    3. Die casting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the Al-Zr, Al-B, Al-Er, Al-Fe and Al-Mn intermediate alloys made of Al-10Zr, Al-10B, Al- 20Er, Al-20Fe or Al-10Mn alloys can be selected.
    [4]
    4. Die casting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the composite melt from step (2) contains the ZrB2 ceramic particles in a size of 20-80 nm and a content of these ZrB2 ceramic particles of 2-6% by weight.
    [5]
    5. Die casting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the aluminum alloy contains an aluminum matrix reinforced with nanoparticles of ZrB2 ceramic, in which the interior and the boundary of the grains contain uniformly distributed nano-ZrB2 ceramic reinforcement bodies and the interior of the grains contains a nano-Al3Er - Precipitation phase with a size of 2-10 nm contains.
    [6]
    6. Die casting method according to claim 2, characterized in that the increasing parabolic injection of the composite melt resulting from step (4) in the mold cavity of the die casting machine has a non-linear filling. with an injection speed of 2.5-3 m / s in the early stage up to a maximum injection speed of 40-50 m / s at the end, and that the die casting pressure is 100-150 MPa.
    [7]
    7. Die-cast part produced by a die-casting process according to one of claims 2 to 6.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN107267817B|2019-04-19|
    WO2018214631A1|2018-11-29|
    CN107267817A|2017-10-20|
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-15| PFUS| Merger|Owner name: JIANGSU UNIVERSITY, CN Free format text: FORMER OWNER: JIANGSU UNIVERSITY, CN |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201710376448.7A|CN107267817B|2017-05-25|2017-05-25|The high-strength antifatigue in-situ nano reinforced aluminium alloy of one kind and its pressure casting method|
    PCT/CN2018/080114|WO2018214631A1|2017-05-25|2018-03-23|High-strength anti-fatigue in-situ nano strengthening aluminium alloy for vibration-damping part of automobile engine, and high-density die-casting method therefor|
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